Introduction:

A Maisonneuve fracture is a severe ankle injury that involves a spiral fracture of the proximal third of the fibula, often accompanied by ligamentous injuries. This type of fracture is associated with significant trauma and requires prompt medical attention. In this article, we delve into the details of Maisonneuve fractures, including their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Understanding Maisonneuve Fracture:

• Definition: A Maisonneuve fracture typically consists of a fracture in the proximal third of the fibula, which is the long, slender bone on the outer side of the lower leg.
• Mechanism: It is usually the result of a rotational injury to the ankle, such as a severe ankle sprain or a high-energy trauma.

Causes of Maisonneuve Fracture:

• Trauma: The most common cause is a traumatic event, often involving twisting or excessive external rotation of the ankle.
• Sports Injuries: Athletes, especially those in sports that involve quick changes in direction, are at a higher risk.
• Falls: Accidental falls, especially from heights, can lead to Maisonneuve fractures.

Symptoms of Maisonneuve Fracture:

• Pain and Swelling: Severe pain and significant swelling in the ankle and lower leg.
• Bruising: Bruising may develop in the affected area.
• Instability: Patients may experience ankle instability due to associated ligament injuries.
• Inability to Bear Weight: It's often impossible to bear weight on the affected leg.

Diagnosis of Maisonneuve Fracture:

• Physical Examination: A thorough examination of the ankle and lower leg, along with assessing the mechanism of injury.
• Imaging: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs are used to confirm the fracture and evaluate associated injuries.
• Stress Tests: Stress tests may be performed to assess ligament stability.

Treatment of Maisonneuve Fracture:

• Immobilization: The ankle and lower leg are typically immobilized with a cast or splint.
• Surgery: In some cases, surgery is necessary to realign and stabilize the fractured bone.
• Physical Therapy: Rehabilitation and physical therapy are essential for regaining strength and mobility.
• Follow-up Care: Regular follow-up visits are crucial to monitor healing progress.

Complications and Recovery:

• Delayed Healing: Maisonneuve fractures may take several weeks or months to heal completely.
• Ligament Damage: Associated ligament injuries may require longer rehabilitation.
• Risk of Arthritis: In severe cases, arthritis may develop in the ankle joint over time.

Conclusion:

A Maisonneuve fracture is a complex ankle injury that demands immediate medical attention. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, which may include surgery, are vital for a successful recovery. Comprehensive rehabilitation and follow-up care are essential to regain ankle function and prevent long-term complications.

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