Introduction:

An axillary block is a type of regional anesthesia that is commonly used for surgical procedures on the hand, wrist, or forearm. In this article, we will discuss the definition, procedure, and uses of an axillary block.

Definition:

An axillary block is a type of regional anesthesia that is administered in the armpit (axilla). The anesthetic agent is injected near the brachial plexus, a network of nerves that provides sensation to the arm. The injection numbs the entire arm, making it a useful technique for surgical procedures on the hand, wrist, or forearm.

Procedure:

The procedure for an axillary block typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned with their arm extended and slightly abducted (moved away from the body) to expose the axilla.
2. The skin is cleaned with antiseptic solution to reduce the risk of infection.
3. A small needle is inserted into the axilla and advanced until it reaches the brachial plexus.
4. A local anesthetic agent, such as lidocaine or bupivacaine, is injected around the nerves to block sensation in the arm.

The effects of an axillary block can last for several hours, depending on the type and amount of local anesthetic used.

Uses:

An axillary block is commonly used for surgical procedures on the hand, wrist, or forearm, such as:

• Carpal tunnel release surgery
• Hand or wrist fracture repair
• Tendon repair surgery
• De Quervain's release surgery
• Trigger finger release surgery

An axillary block may also be used for diagnostic procedures or for pain management in the arm.

Complications:

As with any medical procedure, an axillary block carries some risks, including:

• Nerve damage or injury
• Bleeding or infection at the injection site
• Allergic reaction to the anesthetic agent
• Systemic toxicity from the anesthetic agent

However, the risk of complications is relatively low when the procedure is performed by an experienced healthcare provider.

Conclusion:

An axillary block is a type of regional anesthesia that is administered in the armpit for surgical procedures on the hand, wrist, or forearm. It involves injecting a local anesthetic agent near the brachial plexus to block sensation in the arm. The procedure is safe and effective when performed by an experienced healthcare provider.

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