What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Unexplained Weight Loss 

What is Unintentional Weight Loss? (Definition/Background Information)

• Unintentional Weight Loss may be termed as a condition in which there is a decrease in the weight of an individual. The weight is much lower than the ideal weight for an individual, which occurs spontaneously, even as the individual is not trying to lose weight
• Some common causes for the condition may include hormonal imbalances (such as thyroid disorder), AIDS, cancer, infections (such as tuberculosis), and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus
• The treatment and prognosis of Unintentional Weight Loss depends upon the underlying cause. The prognosis is excellent, if the cause is treatable

Who gets Unintentional Weight Loss? (Age and Sex Distribution)

• Unintentional Weight Loss is observed among both females and males. It can affect individuals of all ages
• There is no current research available to indicate that the condition is commonly seen among a particular set of population. All racial and ethnic groups are affected

What are the Risk Factors for Unintentional Weight Loss? (Predisposing Factors)

The risk factors depend upon the cause of Unintentional Weight Loss.

• If the cause is due to an inherited condition, then a family history of that inherited condition is a significant risk factor
• If the cause of Unintentional Weight Loss is due to an acquired condition, then the risk factors vary accordingly
• Other factors may include dietary changes

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases ones chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider. 

What are the Causes of Unintentional Weight Loss? (Etiology)

The possible causes of Unintentional Weight Loss include:

• Chronic infection such as AIDS
• Cancer
• Drug abuse (amphetamine or cocaine)
• Depression, stress, or anxiety
• Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland)
• Tuberculosis
• Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus
• Removal of a part of the small intestine
• Celiac disease
• Ulcerative colitis
• Chronic illness such as Parkinson's disease
• Chronic lung disease

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Unintentional Weight Loss?

The signs and symptoms associated with Unintentional Weight Loss may include:

• Loss of weight
• Lack of desire to eat
• Certain bowel conditions such as diarrhea or constipation
• Fatigue, feeling tired or weak

How is Unintentional Weight Loss Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of Unintentional Weight Loss may include:

• The condition may be diagnosed by performing a proper patient history. The patient history will primarily focus on prior history for the condition, and whether the patient's lifestyle and diet is causing the development of the condition
• During the physical examination, the healthcare provider will assess the weight and blood pressure. The physician may also assess the functioning of the vital organs
• Several blood tests may be ordered to determine the possible cause of Unintentional Weight Loss and whether the electrolytes are in balance. Hormones tests, especially of the thyroid gland, may be examined
• Imaging studies, such as CT scan of abdomen, chest, and MRI scan of the brain, may be undertaken to diagnose any underlying condition

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. 

What are the possible Complications of Unintentional Weight Loss?

The possible complications associated with Unintentional Weight Loss include:

• Osteoporosis: Weak and brittle bones
• Malnourished
• Problems due to under-active thyroid gland
• Gastrointestinal (digestive) problems

How is Unintentional Weight Loss Treated?

Unintentional Weight Loss can be treated if the underlying cause is identified.

• For individuals who are having difficulty with intake of proper nutrition, a dietician can help with the problem
• Laxatives or increased fiber in one’s diet can help with the bowel conditions
• In individuals with imbalanced hormonal levels that is causing Unintentional Weight Loss, medications may be used to rectify the condition
• Based on the severity of the condition, individuals may be hospitalized and have a feeding tube placed to provide adequate nutrition

How can Unintentional Weight Loss be Prevented?

Unintentional Weight Loss can be (further) prevented, if the cause of the condition is identified.

• In many cases, correcting poor diet and lifestyle habits generally corrects the condition
• In those individuals with mental distress causing weight loss, counseling therapy can be provided to help them overcome the stress and worries
• In general, if the underlying cause of the condition is identified, the situation can be prevented early and the onset of the condition avoided

What is the Prognosis of Unintentional Weight Loss? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

• The prognosis for Unintentional Weight Loss is good, if the underlying cause is identified early
• The prognosis depends upon the underlying cause and is generally excellent, if the cause is treatable

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Unintentional Weight Loss:

Unintentional Weight Loss could be the first sign of a variety of conditions including cancers and diabetes. Since these two conditions are fairly common, Unintentional Weight Loss should never be ignored. Professional help should be sought right away.