What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Epididymis Cyst
• Spermatic Cyst 

What is Spermatocele? (Definition/Background Information)

• A Spermatocele is a cyst, or abnormal sac, which forms in the coiled structure, called the epididymis, within the scrotum. The epididymis is located just behind each testicle. It is a twisted tube, almost 7 meters long, but compacted to a very small size
• The epididymis is the start of the male reproductive tract. It contains a head (attached to the testis), body (traveling down behind the testis), and tail (leading upwards and away from the scrotum, towards the spermatic cord)
• The epididymis serves 3 main roles:
  • Oversees the production of the fluid produced by the seminiferous tubules, by absorbing and releasing compounds into and out of the fluid
  • Recycles damaged, developing sperm and used-up components of the sperm generation process
  • Nurtures the developing sperms by providing shelter and protection  
• A blockage or other unknown cause may produce a Spermatocele inside the head of the epididymis, which is filled with fluid-containing sperm
• Spermatoceles are painless, benign (harmless), and do not affect fertility. Even though a Spermatocele is generally harmless and less than 1 centimeter in size, it may grow to several centimeters and cause discomfort. In such cases, a surgery may be required to have it removed

Who gets Spermatocele? (Age and Sex Distribution)

Spermatoceles develop within the scrotum in males. 

What are the Risk Factors for Spermatocele? (Predisposing Factors)

Following are factors that may increase one’s susceptibility to a Spermatocele:

• Family history of Spermatocele
• Trauma to the testis
• Scrotal distortion 

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases ones chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider. 

What are the Causes of Spermatocele? (Etiology)

• The exact cause of formation of a Spermatocele is unknown
• It may be accidentally discovered in men undergoing an ultrasound scan for other reasons. Studies indicate that up to 30% of the cases are discovered during such imaging scans

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Spermatocele?

Following are the indications for a Spermatocele:

• Pain and discomfort
• Swelling of the testis
• Lump in the testis
• Sometimes, the Spermatocele may remain asymptomatic 

How is Spermatocele Diagnosed?

Following are techniques that aid in identifying a Spermatocele:

• Physical examination to detect lumps in the testicles
• Comprehensive medical history (including family history of such conditions)
• Ultrasound scan

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. 

What are the possible Complications of Spermatocele?

Scrotal distortion is a complication that may arise from Spermatocele. 

How is Spermatocele Treated?

The treatment for a Spermatocele includes the surgical removal of the same in case of significant complications. 

How can Spermatocele be Prevented?

A Spermatocele can be avoided by monthly testicular self-examination. 

What is the Prognosis of Spermatocele? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

A Spermatocele is not a life-threatening condition; however, it may cause pain and discomfort and require surgical intervention. 

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Spermatocele:

• A hydrocele is a buildup of watery clear fluid around one or both testicles. It usually occurs in males over the age of 40 years
• A Spermatocele may also develop inside the testicle itself, or in other areas such as the vas deferens

The following article link will help you understand hydrocele:

http://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/adult-hydrocele/