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Side-Striped Palm Viper Snake Bite

Article
Brain & Nerve
Bone, Muscle, & Joint
+9
Contributed byKrish Tangella MD, MBAAug 04, 2022

What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

  • Bothriechis Lateralis Snake Bite
  • Coffee Palm Viper Snake Bite
  • Yellow Line Palm Viper Snake Bite

What is Side-Striped Palm Viper Snake Bite? (Definition/Background Information)

  • The side-striped palm viper (Bothriechis lateralis) is a moderately venomous snake found in Central America, in the countries of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. The snake belongs to the subspecies of pit vipers, family Viperidae. Pit vipers are termed so, due to the presence of certain heat-sensing organs located in a recess/notch between their eyes and nostrils. The side-striped palm viper can grow from around 2 feet to nearly 3.5 feet in length
  • The viper preys on a variety of animals including small rodents, frogs, birds, and even bats. It is a nocturnal hunting reptile that inhabits rainforest and lower montane wet and moist forests, at elevations between 2,800 to 6,600 feet (850 to 2,000 m). The snake is well-adapted to climbing plants and trees; it is often found coiled on the branches, usually above waterbodies such as rivers and streams
  • The snake has a moderately slender body with a prehensile tail. The head of the snake is broad, roughly triangular in shape and distinct from its neck; the snout of the reptile is not elevated. The body color of the side-striped palm viper is yellow-green to blue-green, usually with bi-colored (yellow and black) vertical bars. The adults usually lack a dark postocular stripe. Belly of the snake is generally very light green to whitish
  • Human contact with the viper snake is not uncommon. Even though timid and non-aggressive by nature, the snake will bite if provoked or touched. The Side-Striped Palm Viper Snake Bites can cause moderate to severe envenomation (venom injection) that may rarely result in deaths without early treatment. The venom is a potent mix of hemotoxins that may cause variable symptoms including bleeding issues and shock
  • The signs and symptoms of Side-Striped Palm Viper Snake Bite may include mild or  moderate localized effects such as pain at the bite site, swelling, and blistering. Systemic symptoms may include tissue necrosis, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, lightheadedness, and collapse
  • Early administration of suitable antivenom (or antivenin) is the mainstay of treatment for severe and significant envenomation presenting systemic presentations. Symptomatic treatment is important and may include pain medication, intravenous fluid administration, blood transfusion, and respiratory support, as needed. The prognosis of Side-Striped Palm Viper Snake Bite with prompt and effective therapy is usually good; without proper treatment, the condition may result in fatalities
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Krish Tangella MD, MBA

Pathology, Medical Editorial Board, DoveMed Team

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