What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Low-Grade Noninvasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma (LG-NIPUC)
• Noninvasive LG-UrCa
• Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

What is Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma? (Definition/Background Information)

• Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma is form of noninvasive urothelial neoplasm that is diagnosed under the microscope, on examination of the cancer cells by a pathologist. It is reported that a diagnosis of the tumor is very challenging. The classification of the tumor is important, as it may dictate the type of treatments to be provided and the overall outcomes
• The tumor rarely progresses to a high-grade malignancy. It is a very rare tumor that is generally seen in adults older than 60 years, usually in men. Nevertheless, Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma have also been reported in younger age group individuals
• The exact cause of formation of Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma is presently unknown. It is associated with several genetic alterations including FGFR3 gene mutations, TERT promoter gene mutations (seen in 70-80% of the tumors), and loss of chromosome 9 material. Occupational exposure to certain chemicals, such as arsenic and organic compounds, and smoking, may be associated with it
• Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinomas may be observed anywhere within the urothelial sites but is most commonly seen in the urinary bladder. The most significant presentation of the condition is painless hematuria (blood in urine) that may worsen as the condition progresses. The presence of a large urinary bladder mass may cause obstructive symptoms. Other signs and symptoms include frequent urination urge, urination urgency, and painful urination
• The treatment may include surgery (transurethral resection) and chemotherapy using mitomycin C (bifunctional alkylating agent) based on the healthcare provider’s assessment. Individuals generally have favorable prognosis with early detection and treatment. The recurrence rates can be high (50%) and between 10-20% tumors show progression to a higher tumor grade. Therefore, regular follow-ups are essential
• Some of the factors that may adversely affect overall outcomes in individuals with Noninvasive Low-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma include higher recurrences, PTEN gene deletions, coexisting urothelial carcinoma in situ, high Ki-67 values, and multiple initial tumors