What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• FSN (Focal Scleral Nodule)
• Unifocal Helioid Choroiditis

What is a Focal Scleral Nodule? (Definition/Background Information)

• Focal Scleral Nodule (FSN) is an eye condition in which a white-yellow, round lesion develops in the sclera of the eye. The sclera is the white part of the eye
• Focal Scleral Nodule does not simultaneously occur in both eyes; but if it does, then the nodule is generally independent from each other

Incidence:

• A wide age range of individuals are affected; the ages range from 3 to 83 years
• Both males and females are affected
• The condition is observed worldwide, and all races and ethnic groups are at risk

Risk factors: The risk factors for Focal Scleral Nodules are not well-understood.

Cause:

• The cause of development of Focal Scleral Nodules is not known; it requires more study
• Some researchers believe that the condition may arise from birth (congenital)

Signs and symptoms:

• It differs from one individual to another, although most patients are asymptomatic
• Common symptoms may include eye floaters and blurry vision

Diagnosis:

• The diagnosis of Focal Scleral Nodule may be challenging and needs to be precisely established. There are several conditions that exhibit similar presentations (some such conditions may be potentially severe needing immediate management)
• A clinical diagnosis including an eye exam with imaging studies, such as an optical coherence tomography (OCT) exam, can aid with differentiating FSN from other conditions

Treatment:

• Currently, there are no effective treatments available for Focal Scleral Nodules
• Symptomatic treatment is usually considered

Prognosis: 

• The prognosis of Focal Scleral Nodules typically remains favorable; the lesions are known to stabilize in size after a while
• However, some reports do indicate that the lesions can grow or decline in size