What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• FGD (Fiberglass Dermatitis)
• Fibreglass Dermatitis

What is Fiberglass Dermatitis? (Definition/Background Information)

• Fiberglass Dermatitis (FGD) is a type of irritant contact dermatitis that is caused by the penetration of tiny fiberglass particles into skin, while handling fiberglass. Some individuals may also develop the condition due to an allergic reaction i.e., allergic contact dermatitis
• Fiberglass is basically fiber-reinforced plastic that uses glass fiber. It has a wide range of applications in the construction industry, for heating and mechanical ventilation, acoustic insulation, and in the electronics industry

Who gets Fiberglass Dermatitis? (Age and Sex Distribution)

• Fiberglass Dermatitis is generally observed in adults, although individuals of any age category may be at risk
• Both males and females are affected, but a majority of the cases are observed in men because of the nature of their occupation (fiberglass manufacture and applications)
• Worldwide, there is no racial or ethnic preference observed

What are the Risk Factors for Fiberglass Dermatitis? (Predisposing Factors)

The primary risk factor for Fiberglass Dermatitis is an exposure/contact with fiberglass. Individuals at the following locations have a high risk for the condition:

• Fiberglass manufacturing industries
• Fiberglass application industries such as electronics, construction, and insulation panel manufacturers

The risk to individuals from the use of fiberglass products is when such objects break, shatter, or peel.

• Secondhand exposure may occur in family members from the worker’s clothing
• There is also an increased risk from household exposure to fiberglass insulation during home renovation

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases one’s chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.

What are the Causes of Fiberglass Dermatitis? (Etiology)

Fiberglass Dermatitis is a form of irritant contact dermatitis.

• The condition occurs when the skin gets damaged due to exposure to substances, such as fiberglass, which irritate the outer protective layer of the skin
• An irritant reaction is observed on the exposed areas

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Fiberglass Dermatitis?

The signs and symptoms of Fiberglass Dermatitis are usually acute and may vary from one individual to another. The extent of the condition depends on the nature of exposure, fiberglass penetration depth into skin, size of the fibers (length and thickness), and the surrounding temperature and humidity.

The signs and symptoms may include:

• Presence of papules, blisters, or scratch marks on skin exposed to fiberglass
• Some individuals may present itchiness
• The skin turns red and scaly; over time, thickening and peeling of skin may be noted
• These areas include the hands, wrists, and forearms, and the face and neck regions
• The skin findings are common around the nails and on the wrists
• Rarely, the skin may ulcerate and form cracks
• Inhalation of fiberglass dust may result in coughing and sore throat
• Eye exposure can cause redness, tearing, and burning sensation

The chronic form of Fiberglass Dermatitis is not generally reported since most individuals develop a form of tolerance to the substance from long-term exposure.

How is Fiberglass Dermatitis Diagnosed?

A diagnosis of Fiberglass Dermatitis may involve the following exams and procedures:

• Physical examination of the individual and medical history evaluation, including a detailed study of one’s occupation and exposure to fiberglass
• Dermoscopy: Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool where a dermatologist examines the skin using a special magnified lens
• Wood’s lamp examination: In this procedure, the healthcare provider examines the skin using ultraviolet light. It is performed to examine the change in skin pigmentation
• Skin stripping with clear tape, with microscopic exam of the tape
• Skin patch testing
• Skin biopsy, if needed: A skin tissue biopsy is performed and sent to a laboratory for a pathological examination. The pathologist examines the biopsy under a microscope. After putting together clinical findings, special studies on tissues (if needed) and with microscope findings, the pathologist arrives at a definitive diagnosis

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

What are the possible Complications of Fiberglass Dermatitis?

The possible complications due to Fiberglass Dermatitis include:

• Emotional stress due to cosmetic issues
• Stinging and prickling sensations
• Superimposed bacterial and fungal skin infections
• Permanent scarring of the affected regions
• Treatment complications

How is Fiberglass Dermatitis Treated?

The treatment measures available for Fiberglass Dermatitis include:

• Avoidance of further exposure to fiberglass, where possible
• Moisturizing creams
• Use of topical corticosteroids
• Treating secondary infections via antifungal or antibiotic creams, if required

Regular follow up visits with the healthcare provider is recommended.

How can Fiberglass Dermatitis be Prevented?

Fiberglass Dermatitis may be prevented by considering the following steps:

• Use of suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) that includes gloves, clothing suit, helmet, and suitable eye protection
• Regularly washing clothes and fabrics exposed to fiberglass during work
• Keeping the occupational environment clean
• Adherence to industrial safety standards and best practices for manufacturing, processing, and handling of materials such as fiberglass

What is the Prognosis of Fiberglass Dermatitis? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

The prognosis of Fiberglass Dermatitis is generally good with adequate treatment. However, the condition may recur or persist if exposure to fiberglass continues.

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Fiberglass Dermatitis:

The following DoveMed website link is a useful resource for additional information:

https://www.dovemed.com/healthy-living/skin-disorders/