What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome 

What is Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot? (Definition/Background Information)

• Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot, also known as Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome, is a rare developmental anomaly
• It can occur with or without ulnar dimelia, facial abnormalities and sacrococcygeal teratoma. The disorder has been reported in at least 11 cases
• The etiology is unknown, but it has been suggested that a teratogenic event occurs as developmental specification reaches the level of the future knee. A central role for the mesenchymal precursor, from which chondro-osseous morphology emerges, has also been suggested
• Treatment is surgical and prosthesis is needed in order to improve the quality of life of affected children

(Source: Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome; Orphanet, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris.)

Who gets Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot? (Age and Sex Distribution)

• Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot is a rare congenital disorder, with only about 11 cases being reported thus far
• The presentation of symptoms may occur at birth
• Both males and females may be affected
• Worldwide, individuals of all racial and ethnic groups may be affected

What are the Risk Factors for Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot? (Predisposing Factors)

• Currently, no risk factors have been clearly identified for Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases one’s chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.

What are the Causes of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot? (Etiology)

The exact cause of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot is unknown.

• But, it has been suggested that a teratogenic event occurs as developmental specification reaches the level of the future knee
• A central role for the mesenchymal precursor, from which chondro-osseous morphology emerges, has also been suggested

(Source: Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome; Orphanet, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris.)

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot?

The signs and symptoms of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot may occur in isolation or include other abnormalities. The signs and symptoms may include:

• Fibular dimelia-diplopodia 
• Absence of tibia, duplicate fibula
• Duplication of foot, which may lead to abnormal number of toes

Additional signs and symptoms may include the following:

• Ulnar dimelia
• Absence of radius, duplicating of ulna
• Partial duplication of hand, with abnormal number of fingers
• Facial abnormalities
• Sacrococcygeal teratoma; a tumor at the base of the tail bone

(Source: Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome; Orphanet, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris.)

How is Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot Diagnosed?

Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot is diagnosed on the basis of the following information:

• Complete physical examination
• Thorough medical history evaluation
• Assessment of signs and symptoms
• Laboratory tests
• Imaging studies
• Biopsy studies, if necessary

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

What are the possible Complications of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot?

The complications of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot may include:

• Difficulty in movement 
• Reduced quality of life

Complications may occur with or without treatment, and in some cases, due to treatment also.

How is Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot Treated?

• The treatment provided for Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot is surgical
• The use of prosthesis is typically needed to improve the quality of life of the affected children.

(Source: Fibular Dimelia-Diplopodia Syndrome; Orphanet, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris.)

How can Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot be Prevented?

• At the present time, no methods or guidelines are known for the prevention of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot
• Active research is currently being performed to explore the possibilities for treatment and prevention of congenital disorders
• Regular medical screening at periodic intervals with tests and physical examinations are recommended

What is the Prognosis of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

• The prognosis of Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot is dependent upon the severity of the signs and symptoms and associated complications, if any
• Individuals with mild conditions have better prognosis than those with severe symptoms and complications
• Typically, the prognosis may be assessed on a case-by-case basis

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Duplication of Leg Mirror Foot:

The following DoveMed website link is a useful resource for additional information:

http://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/rare-disorders/