What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Agkistrodon Piscivorus Snake Bite
• Black Moccasin Snake Bite
• Water Moccasin Snake Bite

What is Cottonmouth Snake Bite? (Definition/Background Information)

• The cottonmouth snake, or simply cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus), is a moderately venomous snake found widespread in the United States of America, mostly concentrated in the states of the Midwest, Southeast, and states east of the Southwest regions (border states being Texas, Kansas, Indiana, and Virginia). There are several species of cottonmouth snakes that vary from one region to the other
• Cottonmouths belong to the sub-species of pit vipers, family Viperidae. Pit vipers are termed so, due to the presence of certain heat-sensing organs located in a recess/notch between their eyes and nostrils. The name cottonmouth is due to the insides of the snake mouth being white-colored, in sharp contrast to its generally dark body. These snakes are semi-aquatic and commonly referred to as water moccasins
• The snake usually grow to over 3.5 feet in length, but some reach over 6 feet in size. Cottonmouths are robust-bodied snake with a moderate-sized, slender and dark tail that ends in a fairly long spine. Head is broad, flattened, triangular and distinct from its neck. The body of the snake is olive, light/dark brown, or black, sometimes presenting dark brown or black crossbands; the snake’s belly is usually white to tan
• The reptile is usually found in lowland swamps and marshes, lakes, rivers and streams, and canals. They are also reported from irrigated lands and frequently from rice fields. Cottonmouths feed mainly on frogs and fish, but also prey on lizards, birds and smaller snakes. Juvenile cottonmouths are known to flash their bright yellow­-green tipped tails to attract prey
• During the day, cottonmouths may be seen basking in the sun; although, the snake is most active during the night (nocturnal). It can be found in and around waterbodies, but unlike most other water snakes, cottonmouths swim with their heads held well above the water. When disturbed, the snake can be aggressive and tends to hold its ground and gape (open mouth widely), exposing the white mouth lining
• The snake is well-adapted and can bite effectively underwater too. Cottonmouth Snake Bite can occasionally result in fatalities due to systemic envenomation (venom injection through a bite) in the absence of treatment. The potent hemotoxic-myotoxic venom released can cause systemic effects including collapse and hypovolemic shock
• The signs and symptoms of Cottonmouth Snake Bite may include mild to moderate effects at the bite site such as pain, skin discoloration, and local swelling. When various body systems are affected by the venom, it can result in symptoms including headaches, abdominal pain, tissue necrosis, and impaired blood coagulation and breakdown of red blood cells
• Early administration of suitable antivenom (or antivenin) is the mainstay of treatment when severe local or systemic symptoms are noted. Apart from this, symptomatic treatment is necessary, which may include pain medication and respiratory support, as required. The prognosis of Cottonmouth Snake Bite with prompt and effective therapy is usually good; however, in the absence of treatment, the fatalities may be as high as 20%