What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• ALDY (Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth)

What is Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth? (Definition/Background Information)

• Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth (ALDY) is a rare condition that is marked by well-defined red skin lesions that are ring-like (annular) with light-pigmented centers. ALDY is typically noted in healthy adolescent children
• Apart from the lesions, there are no significant signs and symptoms, or complications noted. Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth may be treated using topical applications and phototherapy, as required. The prognosis of the condition is generally good

Who gets Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth? (Age and Sex Distribution)

• Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth are generally observed in children (mean age of 10 years). Some cases have been reported in young and old adults too
• Both males and females are affected
• Worldwide, there is no racial or ethnic preference observed. However, the condition is rare with few cases been reported from parts of Europe, Japan, USA, and the Mediterranean region

What are the Risk Factors for Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth? (Predisposing Factors)

• The risk factors for Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth are currently unknown

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases one’s chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.

What are the Causes of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth? (Etiology)

The exact cause of development of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth is not well-understood. The condition shows some histological similarities (when a pathologist examines the biopsy under a microscope) to the following skin disorders (termed lichenoid dermatoses):

• Graft versus host disease
• Lichen planus
• Lichenoid drug eruption

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth?

The signs and symptoms of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth may include:

• Presence of macules and papules with clearly defined and raised boundaries
• The lesions are asymptomatic, meaning they do not present any pain, itching, or irritation
• The skin lesions are ring-like and of red-brown discoloration
• The center of the lesions shows less pigmentation (hypopigmentation) than the periphery
• The lesions may slightly increase in size
• The affected skin areas include the chest and back, abdomen, and groin region. In some, the armpits may also present the characteristic lesions
• No systemic signs and symptoms are noted

How is Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth Diagnosed?

A diagnosis of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth (ALDY) may involve the following exams and procedures:

• Physical examination of the individual and medical history evaluation
• Blood tests, analysis of pus, culture of the fluid being drained (for causative pathogen), as needed
• Dermoscopy: Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool where a dermatologist examines the skin using a special magnified lens
• Wood’s lamp examination: In this procedure, the healthcare provider examines the skin using ultraviolet light. It is performed to examine the change in skin pigmentation
• Skin biopsy: A skin tissue biopsy is performed and sent to a laboratory for a pathological examination. The pathologist examines the biopsy under a microscope. After putting together clinical findings, special studies on tissues (if needed) and with microscope findings, the pathologist arrives at a definitive diagnosis

A skin tissue biopsy is important towards establishing a diagnosis of ALDY.

A differential diagnosis may be considered to eliminate conditions presenting similar signs and symptoms such as the following:

• Annular erythema
• Morphea
• Mycosis fungoides
• Pityriasis alba

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

What are the possible Complications of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth?

The possible complications due to Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth include:

• Emotional stress due to cosmetic issues
• Persistence of the condition despite treatment
• Recurrence of the condition following treatment
• Treatment complications

How is Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth Treated?

Some cases of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth are known to get better on their own. However, for many children, the following treatment measures are available:

• Administration of topical and systemic steroids
• Topical tacrolimus
• Phototherapy

Regular follow up visits with the healthcare provider is important and recommended.

How can Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth be Prevented?

Presently, it is not possible to prevent the development of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth since the cause of the condition is unknown.

What is the Prognosis of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

The prognosis of Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth is generally good with adequate treatment, although the condition may recur and/or it may persist for several years.

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Annular Lichenoid Dermatitis of Youth:

The following DoveMed website link is a useful resource for additional information:

https://www.dovemed.com/healthy-living/skin-disorders/