What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)

• Atrial Fibrillation without Valvular Heart Disease
• Non-Rheumatic Atrial Fibrillation
• NVAF (Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation)

What is Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation? (Definition/Background Information)

• Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) is a specific subtype of atrial fibrillation (AF) characterized by irregular and often rapid electrical signals originating from the heart's upper chambers (atria). Unlike valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF), this type occurs in the absence of significant heart valve disease
• The signs and symptoms of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation are similar to other forms of atrial fibrillation and can include palpitations, rapid or irregular heartbeat, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, dizziness, and fatigue
• A diagnosis of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation is made through an electrocardiogram (ECG) to confirm the presence of atrial fibrillation. Additionally, further evaluation may be needed to exclude any underlying factors contributing to the AF, such as hypertension or other heart conditions
• The treatment aims to manage AF symptoms, reduce the risk of stroke, and control the heart's rhythm and rate. Medications, such as anticoagulants to prevent clots and antiarrhythmics to regulate heart rhythm, may be prescribed for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. Lifestyle changes, like reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, can also be beneficial
• The prognosis for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation depends on various factors, including the individual's overall health, the presence of other heart conditions, and how effectively the AF is managed. With proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, many individuals can lead normal lives and reduce the risk of complications, especially stroke, associated with AF

Who gets Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation? (Age and Sex Distribution)

• Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation can affect individuals of varying ages, both genders, and those without underlying valvular heart disease
• It is more common among older individuals and those with risk factors like hypertension and diabetes.
• This condition may be observed worldwide, and no particular race or ethnic preference is noted

What are the Risk Factors for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation? (Predisposing Factors)

The following are the risk factors for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation:

• Advancing age
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• History of heart disease
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Sleep apnea

It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases one’s chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.

Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.

What are the Causes of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation? (Etiology)

Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) is a type of atrial fibrillation (AF) that occurs in individuals without specific heart valve disorders, particularly those without significant stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage) of the heart valves.

• The causes of NVAF are multifactorial, involving a combination of underlying heart conditions, lifestyle factors, and genetic predisposition
• These factors can disrupt the heart's electrical signals, leading to irregular rhythm

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation?

The signs and symptoms of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation may include:

• Palpitations
• Irregular and rapid heartbeat
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Chest discomfort
• Reduced exercise tolerance

How is Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosed?

A diagnosis of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation may involve the following tests and exams:

• Detailed medical history and physical examination
• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) to measure the heart’s rhythm and electrical activity
• Echocardiogram to evaluate the structure and function of the heart
• Holter monitoring
• Imaging studies to assess valve function and determine the presence of atrial fibrillation
• Tests to assess the heart's electrical activity and rule out valvular heart disease

Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

What are the possible Complications of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation?

The complications of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation can include the following:

• Increased risk of stroke due to blood clot formation in the atria
• Heart failure
• Exacerbation of pre-existing heart conditions if present

How is Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Treated?

The treatment aims to control heart rate, restore normal rhythm, prevent blood clots, and manage underlying conditions. The treatment options for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation include:

• Medications
• Cardioversion
• Catheter ablation
• Anticoagulation therapy

How can Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation be Prevented?

The prevention of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation involves managing risk factors through a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, a balanced diet, weight management, blood pressure control, and diabetes management.

What is the Prognosis of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation? (Outcomes/Resolutions)

With appropriate treatment and lifestyle modifications, individuals with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation can achieve symptom relief, improved quality of life, and reduced risk of complications.

Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation:

• Atrial fibrillation is the most common and potentially serious heart rhythm disorder, usually affecting older adults. The characteristic symptoms associated with this condition are rapid and irregular heartbeat, chest discomfort, and shortness of breath

The following resource link may help in better understanding Atrial Fibrillation:

https://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/atrial-fibrillation/