The topic Placenta Accreta Spectrum you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition Morbidly Adherent Placenta.

Quick Summary:

• Morbidly Adherent Placenta (MAP) may be described as the abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterus, which can result in life-threatening bleeding and/or peripartum hysterectomy (surgical removal of uterus). It is also referred to as Placenta Accreta Spectrum
• The placenta is a thin membrane-like organ and covered with chorionic villi (tiny units of placenta) that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall. It is a disc-shaped red-brown structure that connects the fetus to the mother through the umbilical cord
• Normally, the placenta should separate from the uterine wall after childbirth. In Morbidly Adherent Placenta, a part or the entire placenta remains attached to the wall of the uterus after childbirth. This may lead to heavy bleeding while separation
• The risk factors for the condition include age of expectant mother over 35 years, smoking during pregnancy, abnormalities of the uterus, placenta previa, surgery to remove uterine fibroids, and other invasive procedures that involve the uterus
• According to medical literature, Morbidly Adherent Placenta is categorised into the following three grades:
  • Placenta accreta: In this type, the placental villi extend beyond the endometrial lining into the superficial muscular wall of uterus (myometrium). This is called superficial invasion of the myometrium. The most common type of MAP is placenta accreta
  • Placenta increta: In this type, the placental villi extend beyond the endometrial lining into the deep muscular wall of uterus (myometrium). This is called deep invasion of the myometrium
  • Placenta percreta: In this type, the placental villi extend through the complete thickness of the uterine wall. This is called transmural myometrium invasion. Placenta percreta is the rarest and most severe form of MAP
• Morbidly Adherent Placenta can cause complications during delivery for both the baby and mother. These include severe blood loss, organ failure, and shock, for the mother; and, early labor and premature births affecting the child. The greater the depth of placental villi invasion into the uterus, the more severe are the complications
• In some cases, Morbidly Adherent Placenta can be managed effectively, if it is diagnosed during pregnancy and treated appropriately. MAP needs to be treated under the supervision of experienced clinicians at a healthcare facility that is equipped to handle such events. This may involve the removal of the uterus after early C-section
• The prognosis of Morbidly Adherent Placenta is based on several factors, such as the type of MAP, the promptness and adequacy of medical care provided, and the presence of any associated complications. The prognosis is typically assessed on a case-by-case basis. In general, placenta percreta has worse prognosis than placenta accreta and placenta increta

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