Granuloma Fungoides

Granuloma Fungoides

Article
Skin Care
Diseases & Conditions
+2
Contributed byLester Fahrner, MD+1 moreMay 22, 2023

The topic Granuloma Fungoides you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides.

Quick Summary:

  • Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides (GMF) is a rare variant of Mycosis Fungoides, which is a cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In this condition, granulomatous inflammation, including many giant cells, is prominent when the biopsy of GMF-affected skin is examined by a pathologist under the microscope
  • GMF primarily originates in the skin, and is a type of primary cutaneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma. When other parts of the body such as the lymph nodes and bone marrow are affected, it is called Systemic Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides
  • Skin rashes and lesions (papules and plaques), most commonly on the arms and legs, are the primary symptoms of GMF.  However, the skin lesions can ulcerate and develop secondary infections. Once the condition spreads to other organs, the symptoms depend on the specific organ(s) affected. Additionally, systemic symptoms, such as weight loss, fatigue, anemia, fever, and night sweats, have been reported
  • Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides is typically diagnosed through biopsy of the involved skin, or of swollen lymph nodes or affected organs. Other tests may be conducted to assess the severity or spread of the condition
  • The treatment depends upon the stage of Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides. If the condition is restricted to the skin, treatment options might include topical medications, phototherapy, or local radiation therapy. On the other hand, when the disease has already spread,  systemic therapy (treatment with one or more of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery) is often prescribed
  • In general, the prognosis of Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides depends on many factors and is assessed on a case-by-case basis

General information on lymphoma and lymphocytes:

  • Lymphoma is a type of cancer stemming from uncontrolled division of lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cells (WBCs). There are two types of lymphomas:
    • Hodgkin lymphoma
    • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  • Lymphocytes are the main white blood cells found in the lymph, which is the fluid of the lymphatic system; just as blood is the fluid of the circulatory system
  • Lymphocytes are made in bone marrow, and can develop into either B-cells or T-cells. T-cells mature in the thymus; Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides arises from cancerous T-cells
  • Lymph results from filtration of blood as it travels to and from tissues. Lymph is colorless because it lacks red blood cells; instead, it contains lymphocytes. It is central to the immune system
  • There are 3 different kinds of lymphocytes:
    • T-lymphocytes or T cells: They help combat infections and abnormalities within the cells (cell-mediated immunity). They fight viruses and cancerous cells
    • B-lymphocytes or B cells: They produce antibodies that are bodily defense proteins, which target foreign invaders outside the cells (humoral immunity). They fight bacterial cells, cell fragments, and other immunogenic elements
    • Natural killer cells or NK cells: They perform diverse functions related to both cell-mediated and humoral immunity. They also scout for cancer cells, a process called immune surveillance

Please find comprehensive information on Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides regarding definition, distribution, risk factors, causes, signs & symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE.

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On the Article

Krish Tangella MD, MBA picture
Approved by

Krish Tangella MD, MBA

Pathology, Medical Editorial Board, DoveMed Team
Lester Fahrner, MD picture
Reviewed by

Lester Fahrner, MD

Chief Medical Officer, DoveMed Team

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