The topic First and Second Branchial Arch Syndrome you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition Hemifacial Microsomia.

Quick Summary:

• Hemifacial Microsomia (HFM) is a condition in which one side of the face is less developed than the other side, leading to asymmetry between the two halves of the face
• Hemifacial Microsomia is part of a group of disorders collectively known as “craniofacial microsomia”. It constitutes the most common facial birth defect after cleft lip and palate
• The exact cause of Hemifacial Microsomia and its contributing risk factors are unknown. However, several theories have been proposed to explain HFM development
• The characteristic feature of Hemifacial Microsomia is facial asymmetry, in combination with physical abnormalities that affect the ear, eye, mouth and jaws, resulting in hearing, vision, and dental issues respectively
• The diagnosis of Hemifacial Microsomia is made by clinical assessment, based on OMENS (orbit of the eye, mandible or jaw bone, ear, nerves, and soft tissue) abnormalities. Imaging techniques may be used to determine skeletal or dental defects in the affected individual
• Surgical correction of skeletal abnormalities is a commonly considered treatment method for HFM. Ear reconstruction may be required, if it is abnormal in shape or is missing
• The life expectancy of individuals with Hemifacial Microsomia is usually normal, unless the symptoms are severe, with the involvement of kidneys, heart and vertebrae

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