What are the other Names for this Condition? (Also known as/Synonyms)
- Giant Blackhead
- Winer’s Pore
What is Dilated Pore of Winer? (Definition/Background Information)
- Dilated Pore of Winer is a common, benign, and slightly raised nodule that is actually a dilated follicle with a tiny vellus hair
- It is generally observed in middle-aged and older individuals. This solitary tumor resembles a “Giant Blackhead” and is cosmetically unappealing. It usually appears on the face or trunk
- The cause of development of the tumor is unknown, though the risk factors for Dilated Pore of Winer include exposure to sun and a history of cystic acne
- A treatment of Dilated Pore of Winer may be undertaken, if it presents any cosmetic concerns. In such cases, a surgical excision and removal of the tumor is sufficient treatment. The prognosis is excellent on removal of the tumor
Who gets Dilated Pore of Winer? (Age and Sex Distribution)
- Dilated Pore of Winer is commonly seen in middle-aged adults; the incidence increases with age
- It is observed in both men and women, but the condition is more common in men
- This condition is observed worldwide across all racial and ethnic groups
What are the Risk Factors for Dilated Pore of Winer? (Predisposing Factors)
The risk factors for Dilated Pore of Winer include:
- Exposure to sunlight and UV light causing skin damage
- Skin tanning (use of tanning beds)
- History of cystic acne
It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases ones chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.
Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.
What are the Causes of Dilated Pore of Winer? (Etiology)
The exact cause and development of Dilated Pore of Winer is unknown.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Dilated Pore of Winer?
Dilated Pore of Winer may not present any significant signs and symptoms. However, the following may be noted:
- Presence of a single raised nodule with a black or brown tip anywhere on the body. However, the tumor is frequently found on the face, forehead, neck, back, or chest (sun-exposed areas)
- The tumors are slow-growing and may range in size from a few millimeters to a few centimeters
- They may ooze moist keratin debris from the center of the nodule if squeezed. The majority of the material filling the dilated pore space is waxy firm and pigmented keratin. The dark pigment visible at the opening is not melanin pigment, but oxidized aged keratin
- The nodules are benign; it is not associated with any malignant transformations
- Dilated Pore of Winer is not associated with itching or inflammation
How is Dilated Pore of Winer Diagnosed?
A diagnosis of Dilated Pore of Winer may involve the following procedures and tests:
- Complete physical examination with evaluation of medical history
- Dermoscopy: It is a diagnostic tool where a dermatologist examines the skin using a special magnified lens
- Wood’s lamp examination: In this procedure, the healthcare provider examines the skin using ultraviolet light. It is performed to examine the change in skin pigmentation
- Skin biopsy: A skin biopsy is performed and sent to a laboratory for a pathological examination. The pathologist examines the biopsy under a microscope. After putting together clinical findings, special studies on tissues (if needed) and with microscope findings, the pathologist arrives at a definitive diagnosis
Note: The diagnosis of Dilated Pore of Winer may not necessarily involve a biopsy. However, if there is a suspicion of melanoma, then the healthcare provider may recommend a biopsy.
Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.
What are the possible Complications of Dilated Pore of Winer?
No significant complications generally arise from Dilated Pore of Winer; however, in some cases:
- These raised skin growths may present cosmetic concerns as they appear unsightly, in which case a surgery may be proposed
- If they are traumatized, severe pain and bleeding with ulceration may occur
- Bleeding and ulceration can cause infection due to bacteria or fungi
- Recurrence of the tumor following a surgery to remove them
How is Dilated Pore of Winer Treated?
Dilated Pore of Winer may not require any treatment in a majority of cases. However, they may be removed when they present cosmetic issues or get infected.
- The healthcare provider may chose to regularly monitor the tumor, if they are asymptomatic. A ‘wait and watch’ approach may be adopted
- The material filling the space can be extracted with a forceps or comedone extractor. The dilated space will remain, and slowly accumulate material again
- A complete surgical excision can result in a cure. The surgical procedure is usually very easily done. The entire follicular unit must be excised, or they tend to recur
- Follow-up care with regular screening and check-ups are important
How can Dilated Pore of Winer be Prevented?
- Current medical research has not established a definitive method to prevent the formation of Dilated Pore of Winer
- However, avoiding overexposure to sun’s rays and UV light can help protect the skin and reduce the risk for the condition
What is the Prognosis of Dilated Pore of Winer? (Outcomes/Resolutions)
- The prognosis of Dilated Pore of Winer is excellent on its complete excision and removal
- Since, these are benign tumors, the prognosis is excellent, even if no treatment is provided and only periodic observation is maintained
Additional and Relevant Useful Information for Dilated Pore of Winer:
- Dilated Pore of Winer is not an infectious condition; they do not spread from one individual to another
- There is no definitive proof that consuming certain foods influence its development
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