Lipids:
Lipid Profile Tests:
Usually LDL-cholesterol (low density), HDL-cholesterol (high density), total cholesterol and triglycerides blood values are determined. Sometimes, other cholesterol types are quantified, to constitute what is called, an “Extended Lipid Panel Test”.
The Lipid Profile Tests may form part of a routine health check process (along with other tests). Individuals in the following category may also be ordered, to take this test:
Sample required: Blood
Process: Insertion of needle into a vein (arm) or, using the finger stick (finger prick) method.
Preparation required: For fasting lipid profile, 12 hours of complete fasting prior to the test. Individuals may only consume water during this period.
The Lipid Profile Test results are weighed together with other risk factors, age and sex of the individual, before the course of treatment is determined. The ATP III Guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program (US Govt.) provides an invaluable reference range for each of the lipid categories, and is provided below:
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL): The primary target of therapy:
<100 | Optimal |
100-129 | Near optimal/above optimal |
130-159 | Borderline high |
160-189 | High |
>190 | Very high |
A high LDL value is generally used as a key risk factor and a modification of the individual’s lifestyle (including exercise and diet) is the first step towards treatment. A low-fat diet, moderate physical activities and exercises, should enable in lowering one’s LDL levels. If these measures do not work, then medication therapy may be given.
The target values for other components of lipid profile are considered mainly with other risk influencing elements and are mentioned below:
Total cholesterol (mg/dL):
<200 | Desirable |
200-239 | Borderline high |
>240 | High |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL):
<40 | Low |
>60 | High |
Serum triglycerides (mg/dL):
<150 | Normal |
150-199 | Borderline high |
200-499 | High |
>500 | Very high |
The laboratory test results are NOT to be interpreted as results of a "stand-alone" test. The test results have to be interpreted after correlating with suitable clinical findings and additional supplemental tests/information. Your healthcare providers will explain the meaning of your tests results, based on the overall clinical scenario.
Certain medications that you may be currently taking may influence the outcome of the test. Hence, it is important to inform your healthcare provider, the complete list of medications (including any herbal supplements) you are currently taking. This will help the healthcare provider interpret your test results more accurately and avoid unnecessary chances of a misdiagnosis.
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