The risk factors for Balantidiasis include the following:
It is important to note that having a risk factor does not mean that one will get the condition. A risk factor increases one’s chances of getting a condition compared to an individual without the risk factors. Some risk factors are more important than others.
Also, not having a risk factor does not mean that an individual will not get the condition. It is always important to discuss the effect of risk factors with your healthcare provider.
The cause of Balantidiasis is ingesting food or water that has been contaminated with fecal matter from humans or animals. The fecal matter can contaminate food or water with the protozoan Balantidium coli.
Individuals can become infected following:
Once ingested, Balantidium coli invades the large intestine (colon), producing infective cysts that are then expelled in the feces. These cysts can then infect other individuals who come into contact with the contaminated feces.
The signs and symptoms of Balantidiasis may vary between infected individuals, and may be severe in individuals with compromised immunity, or those who are severely malnourished. Most individuals with Balantidiasis often display no symptoms. However, they are still capable of transmitting the infection.
If severe infection occurs, the following signs and symptoms may be observed:
The diagnosis of Balantidiasis may be difficult, as other conditions affecting the bowel may present with similar symptoms. The diagnosis of the infection is made by:
Many clinical conditions may have similar signs and symptoms. Your healthcare provider may perform additional tests to rule out other clinical conditions to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.
The potential complications of Balantidiasis include:
Balantidiasis can be treated with various antibiotics, such as tetracycline, metronidazole, and iodoquinol.
Balantidiasis can be prevented by adhering to the following practices:
The prognosis of Balantidiasis is typically good following treatment with approved antibiotics.
Washing the hands with soap and water is extremely important to avoid sickness and the spread of germs. Additional information about how to properly wash your hands to prevent infection is provided below:
Balantidiasis infection is generally uncommon in the United States.
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