Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)

Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)

Article
Digestive Health
Diseases & Conditions
Contributed byKrish Tangella MD, MBAMar 29, 2018

The topic Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition Liver Failure.

Quick Summary:

  • Liver Failure is a very complicated condition that may be caused by various factors ranging from viral infection to acetaminophen overdose, or a genetic disorder
  • Liver Failure can be broadly categorized into the following 2 types:
    • Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF): ACLF refers to an acute decline of liver function in individuals with pre-existing liver conditions such as liver cirrhosis
    • Acute-Liver Failure (ALF): ALF is also known as Fulminant Hepatic Failure and it refers to a sudden and rapid loss of liver function in individuals with no pre-existing liver disease
  • The common signs and symptoms of Liver Failure include confusion, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eye), nausea, and abdominal pain. Certain serious complications may develop as a result of the condition, such as cerebral edema (accumulation of fluid in the brain), kidney failure, and internal bleeding. Hence, individuals with suspected Liver Failure should seek medical attention immediately
  • Blood test and ultrasound scan are the most commonly used diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of Liver Failure. Liver biopsy may sometimes be performed to determine the cause of the condition
  • The treatment of Liver Failure varies and depends on the underlying cause. If Liver Failure is caused by acetaminophen overdose or mushroom poisoning (due to consumption of wild mushrooms), antitoxin will be administered. However, if it occurs due to irreversible liver damage, such as due to cirrhosis, then liver transplantation may have to be performed. The prognosis of Liver Failure is generally poor
  • Liver Failure may be prevented by availing hepatitis vaccine, maintaining a healthy body weight, avoiding binge drinking, and taking only prescribed medication dosage (thus avoiding an overdose) 

Please find comprehensive information on Liver Failure regarding definition, distribution, risk factors, causes, signs & symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, prevention, prognosis, and additional useful information HERE.

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Krish Tangella MD, MBA

Pathology, Medical Editorial Board, DoveMed Team

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